64k-DRAM-1979 Step 17 Confront Commoditization in the DRAM Chip Wars
# Confront Commoditization: the Real Economics Behind the DRAM Chip Wars
Step 7 named the manufacturers racing this generation; what that race actually did to pricing and margins, once enough manufacturers could build a compliant part, deserves its own direct treatment.
## 1. State What Second-Sourcing and Multiple Compliant Suppliers Did to Price
Once the RAS/CAS multiplexed-addressing architecture this series built (Steps 1-2, 9) was understood and licensable widely enough that multiple manufacturers could each build a functionally interchangeable 64K part, a system designer's choice of supplier became substantially a price decision rather than a capability decision — the same second-sourcing economics this project's `microprocessor_1971` extension names (its own Step 17) for microprocessors, now applied to a memory part where interchangeability was, if anything, even more complete.
## 2. Trace the Resulting Price Pressure
A commoditized part with several functionally interchangeable suppliers competes primarily on price and delivery reliability once the underlying architecture (this series' own Steps 1-6) is no longer a differentiator — this is the specific mechanism behind the sustained, generation-over-generation price declines this project's `dram_1968` series Step 15 already identified in the abstract (cost-per-bit against magnetic core), now traced to its actual competitive-market cause at this later generation rather than left as an unexplained trend.
## 3. State Why This Belongs in This Series, Not an Earlier One
Commoditization pressure of this intensity required the combination this series itself documents — a standardized architecture (Steps 1-6) plus multiple named, capable competing manufacturers (Step 7) plus real manufacturing volume (Step 16) — a combination that did not yet exist at `dram_1968`'s own 1968-1970 chronology, where the 1103 was still a singular, Intel-specific product rather than a multiply-sourced commodity.