Wafer sorters organize and rearrange wafers between cassettes or FOUPs based on lot, specification, or processing requirements. Purpose: Combine or split lots, organize by test results, route to different processes, create new carrier loads. Operations: Transfer wafers from source to destination carriers, one at a time, based on programmed sort map. Wafer identification: Read wafer ID to verify correct sorting. OCR or RFID identification. Sort recipes: Programmed rules determine wafer movement - by slot number, wafer ID, test bin, or other criteria. Particle-free handling: Clean environment, precise edge handling, no surface contact. Critical for yield. Integration: Connected to MES for sort instructions and tracking. Updates wafer location database. Throughput: 200-300+ wafers per hour typical. Balances speed with careful handling. Inspection integration: Some sorters include wafer inspection or review capabilities. Applications: Post-sort after electrical test (bin sorting), lot consolidation, splitting for engineering, rework processing. Equipment types: Standalone sorters, integrated with test handlers.