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AI Factory Glossary

3,145 technical terms and definitions

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roofline model, optimization

Performance model relating bandwidth and compute.

rope (rotary position embedding),rope,rotary position embedding,transformer

Encode relative positions through rotation.

rotate, graph neural networks

RotatE models relations as rotations in complex space enabling composition and inversion properties.

rotate,graph neural networks

Rotational embeddings in complex space.

rough-cut capacity, supply chain & logistics

Rough-cut capacity planning validates feasibility of master production schedule at aggregate level.

router networks, neural architecture

Route inputs to specialized subnetworks.

router z-loss, llm architecture

Router z-loss stabilizes expert routing preventing domination.

routing transformer, transformer

Route tokens to reduce attention cost.

rrelu, neural architecture

Random negative slope during training.

rtp (rapid thermal processing),rtp,rapid thermal processing,diffusion

Fast heating for short high-temperature treatments.

rule extraction from neural networks, explainable ai

Derive interpretable rules from trained models.

run-around loop, environmental & sustainability

Run-around loops circulate fluid between exhaust and supply coils transferring thermal energy.

run-to-failure, production

Operate until breakdown.

ruptures library, time series models

Ruptures provides algorithms for offline change point detection including binary segmentation and dynamic programming.

rvae, rvae, time series models

Recurrent Variational Autoencoder models sequences through hierarchical latent variables with temporal structure.

rwkv, rwkv, llm architecture

Receptance Weighted Key Value combines RNN efficiency with transformer expressiveness.

rwkv,foundation model

RNN-like architecture competitive with Transformers.

s4 (structured state spaces),s4,structured state spaces,llm architecture

Efficient SSM using special parameterization.

s4 model, s4, llm architecture

Structured State Space model uses diagonal approximations for efficient training.

s5 model, s5, llm architecture

Simplified diagonal state space model improves training stability and efficiency.

safety classifier, ai safety

Safety classifiers predict whether content violates policy guidelines.

safety fine-tuning, ai safety

Safety fine-tuning adjusts model parameters to reduce harmful outputs.

safety guardrails, ai safety

Systems preventing harmful outputs.

safety stock, supply chain & logistics

Safety stock is buffer inventory maintained to protect against demand variability and supply disruptions ensuring production continuity.

safety training, ai safety

Safety training teaches models to decline harmful requests and follow guidelines.

safety,guardrail,filter,policy

Safety = preventing harmful, illegal, or sensitive outputs. Use policies, classifiers, rule-based filters, and human review for high-risk use cases.

sagpool, graph neural networks

Self-Attention Graph Pooling selects important nodes based on learned attention scores enabling differentiable coarsening for graph classification.

sagpool, graph neural networks

Use attention for pooling.

saliency maps,ai safety

Highlight which input tokens most influence the output.

sam (segment anything model),sam,segment anything model,computer vision

Universal segmentation model.

sandwich rule, neural architecture search

Sandwich rule trains largest and smallest subnetworks alternately plus random architectures for better supernet training.

sandwich transformer, transformer

Mix standard and efficient layers.

sap manufacturing, sap, supply chain & logistics

SAP provides ERP solutions for semiconductor manufacturing including production planning quality management and supply chain integration.

sarima, sarima, time series models

Seasonal ARIMA extends ARIMA by incorporating seasonal differencing and seasonal AR/MA terms for periodic patterns.

savedmodel format, model optimization

SavedModel is TensorFlow's universal serialization format including computation graph and metadata.

scalable oversight, ai safety

Scalable oversight develops methods for humans to supervise superhuman AI systems.

scale ai,data labeling,enterprise

Scale AI provides enterprise data labeling. Nucleus for data curation.

scaling hypothesis,model training

Theory that simply making models larger leads to better performance.

scaling laws,model training

Relationships between model size data size compute and performance.

scan chain stitching, design & verification

Scan chain stitching connects scan cells into shift register chains.

scan chain, advanced test & probe

Scan chains convert sequential elements into shift registers enabling serial access to internal states for controllability and observability.

scan chain,design

串联 flip-flops for testing internal logic.

scanning acoustic microscopy (sam),scanning acoustic microscopy,sam,failure analysis

Ultrasonic imaging for defects.

scheduled maintenance,production

Planned downtime for PM.

schema validation, llm optimization

Schema validation verifies generated structured data matches specifications.

schnet, chemistry ai

Continuous-filter equivariant network for molecules.

schnet, graph neural networks

SchNet uses continuous-filter convolutions on interatomic distances with rotationally invariant features for quantum chemistry predictions.

science-based target, environmental & sustainability

Science-based targets align emissions reductions with climate science to limit global warming.

scientific machine learning,scientific ml

ML for scientific computing.

scitail, evaluation

Entailment from science questions.